Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference (MATSUSFall23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.305
Publication date: 18th July 2023
In order to enable mass production and global commercialization of automobiles powered by hydrogen fuel cells it is imperative to reduce the platinum loading from the current 25-30gPt stack, which translates to 0.315 mg Pt/cm2 cathode loading.1 The use of alloy cathode catalysts is currently considered one of the few viable paths towards decreasing the PGM content in fuel cell stacks that can get very close to the loadings used in internal combustion engines (2-8 g Pt / Veh). However, their performance and durability at high current densities (i.e. > 1.0 W/cm2) under real world driving conditions is still not sufficient.
In this presentation we will show recent strategies that will document the challenges of Pt/C and Pt-alloy/C cathodes for high power operation, via investigations of catalyst and layer design. Results will document the importance of tailoring alloy catalyst composition, surface area as well as particle location on existing commercial supports. Advanced characterization and diagnostics techniques will be presented that will determine key differences between different Pt-alloy variants in terms of performance and durability against state of the art Pt/C catalyst. Emphasis will be given to the role of dissolved metal ions during ink formulation and their impact on performance for automotive applications. These results have helped identify the mechanisms that compromise catalyst stability as well as activity and allowed the synthesis of new materials and layers that could be capable of thrifting Pt loading to levels that will help mass commercialization and advance the technology in order to reach the challenging target of 1.8 W/cm2.
1. R. Borup, K. More, A. Weber, DOE FC135: FC-PAD Fuel Cell Performance and Durability
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