Dynamics in the Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2
Beatriz Roldan Cuenya a
a Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Interface Science, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference (MATSUSFall23)
#CO2X - Frontier developments in Electrochemical CO2 reduction and the utilization
Torremolinos, Spain, 2023 October 16th - 20th
Organizers: Alexander Bagger and Yu Katayama
Invited Speaker, Beatriz Roldan Cuenya, presentation 295
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.295
Publication date: 18th July 2023

Climate change concerns have spurred a growing interest in developing environmentally friendly technologies for energy generation, and the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) into value-added chemicals offers a possibility to store renewable energy into chemical bonds. It is therefore of particular interest to develop efficient, selective and durable electrocatalysts. The latter requires fundamental understanding of their structure and surface composition under reaction conditions.

This talk will illustrate how of a multi-technique in-situ/operando experimental approach is able provide in depth mechanistic insights into CO2RR. A synergistic combination of LC-TEM, EC-AFM, NAP-XPS, XAS, XRD, GC/MS, and Raman Spectroscopy, coupled with machine learning-based data analysis, has been employed to investigate the evolution of the structure/composition of mono (Cu2O) and bimetallic (ZnO@Cu2O) cubic nanoparticles and single atom (M-N-C, with M=Fe, Sn, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn) CO2RR electrocatalysts under reaction conditions.

A main aspect that I will discuss is the use of periodic potential pulses to alter the product selectivity toward desired high order hydrocarbons and alcohols. By screening a variety of product-steering pulse-length conditions for pre-reduced Cu2O nanocubes, we identified a critical role of the formation of Cu-Oad or CuOx/(OH)y species as well as the importance of having an optimal OHad versus COad catalyst surface coverage during CO2RR. For the ZnO@Cu2O system, we have further unveiled the role of the dynamic interplay between Zn Oxide, CuZn alloy, and metallic Zn formation, the evolution of Cu crystallites, and the adsorption behavior of CO and OH species. These findings pave the road toward improved catalyst design for non-conventional dynamic CO2RR reaction conditions.

In addition, metal-nitrogen-doped carbons (M-N-C) will be discussed as emerging cost-effective CO2RR catalysts, with emphasis in the study of their stability during operation. Here operando XAS data revealed drastic differences in the structural evolution of the different M-N-C materials, including reversibly formation of metallic clusters for some of the M-N-Cs studied that can be used to rationalize their distinct electrocatalytic performance and durability.

Finally, our studies are expected to open up new routes for the reutilization of CO2 through its direct conversion into industrially valuable chemicals and fuels.

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