Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference (MATSUSFall23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.229
Publication date: 18th July 2023
Currently, on-skin wearable or on-skin devices mainly rely on power sources such as non-rechargeable batteries, which are often toxic and harmful to the environment. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop new self-powered energy sources that possess human- and eco-friendly characteristics, including biocompatibility, degradability, and breathability. In this context, biofriendly and sustainable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) emerge as excellent candidates for the next generation of green energy sources. TENG devices harness mechanical energy from various activities and environments, such as biomechanical motions and convert it into electrical energy. They are are cost-effective, easy to fabricate, and highly efficient, making them suitable for self-powered electronics and independent power source modules. Although there is a wide range of triboelectric materials available, many TENGs still rely on fluorinated polymers, which are known to be non-environmentally friendly and may cause discomfort and skin infections when used in on-skin wearables. To address these challenges, we demonstrate a cellulose-based tribopositive layer that enhances the TENG power output by introducing different surface functional groups through nano-coating or chemical/mechanical reduction to form nano-crystals or fibers. Additionally, we report on a new bio-polymer-based tribonegative layer, mimicking the chemical structure of conventional non-biodegradable materials. In the pursuit of a completely biodegradable TENG, we replace the substrate with a biopolymer film and employ carbon-based electrodes. These bio-TENGs offer flexibility, biocompatibility, and breathability, making them suitable for use as wearable devices that can harvest energy from biomechanical motions. Notably, these devices exhibit high performance with output voltage values surpassing 1 kV. This represents a twofold increase compared to conventional substrates and electrode materials employing polyimide as a negative triboelectric layer. Additionally, in the case of all-biopolymers-baed TENGs, the device output exceeds 500 V, which outperforms other reported bio-TENG devices in terms of voltage output generation.
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