Efficient indoor light harvesting with CH3NH3PB(I,BR)3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Sergey Shcherbachenko^a^,^b, Oleksandr Astakhov^a, Zhifa Liu^a, Li-Chung Kin^a^,^d, Christoph Zahren^a, Uwe Rau^a^,^b^,^c, Thomas Kirchartz^a^,^e, Tsvetelina Merdzhanova^a

^aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-5-Photovoltaik), Jülich, Germany

^bRWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Aachen, Germany

^cJülich Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy

^dForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung (IEK-9 Grundlagen der Elektrochemie), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany

^eUniversity of Duisburg-Essen and CENIDE, Faculty of Engineering, Duisburg, Germany

Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference (MATSUSFall23)

#MHPN3 - Fundamental Advances in Metal Halide Perovskites and Beyond: new materials, new mechanisms, and new challenges

Torremolinos, Spain, 2023 October 16th - 20th

Organizers: Paola Vivo, Qiong Wang and Kaifeng Wu

Oral, Sergey Shcherbachenko, presentation 224
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.224
Publication date: 18th July 2023

Since their appearance, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were a promising technology due to their low synthesis temperature and potentially cheap manufacturing process. Besides high potential for conventional photovoltaic applications perovskite solar cells have suitable properties for indoor PV energy harvesting especially under modern LED lighting. Thin, light weight and low-cost energy harvesters are of interest for the “Internet of Things” (IoT) devices and smart home indoor devices requiring uninterrupted operation.

Optimal operation under low intensity and short wavelength LED spectra can be achieved with higher bandgap of the absorber material than it is usually expected for the solar spectrum. In terms of device parameters this implies development of the cells with higher V_OC [1]. Current record efficiency of 40.1% at 0.3W/m² of “White LED” light with 2700K color temperature was achieved by the cell with high V_OC of 1V at this irradiance [2]. Although increasing the band gap of Perovskite absorber layer is required to produce a solar cell with high V_OC, the proper energy alignment between absorber and charge transport layers together with low non-radiation recombination rate are vital [3].

In this work we evaluate the performance of recently developed high band gap lead halide Perovskite solar cells with fullerene electron transport layer (ETL) under low light LED illumination. These cells were reported [4] to achieve 1.35V V_OC under 1 Sun illumination, so they have high potential under low light LED conditions. Unlike for field applications, characterization procedures for indoor solar cells are still in development and application scenarios vary significantly. Therefore, the cell performance can not be characterized under one specific irradiance. In our work we evaluate the performance of high band gap PSC with CH₃NH₃Pb(I_0.8,Br_0.2)₃ absorber layer and CMC:ICBA (Here CMC is C₆₀fused NmethylpyrrolidinemC₁₂phenyl and ICBA is the indeneC₆₀ bisadduct) fullerene ETL under wide range of LED lamp (Cree XLamp CXA3050 LED with 3000K color temperature) illumination conditions (200-10000 lx). These perovskite solar cells achieve V_OC of 1.33V, FF of 70.93% and efficiency of 16.4% at 1 Sun, while their performance under 533 lux LED light was outstanding with 1.03V V_OC and 28.6% efficiency. To validate the guidelines of increasing V_OC value for better indoor performance, we compare these high band gap solar cells with CH₃NH₃Pb(I_0.8,Br_0.2)₃ absorber layer and PSCs with CH₃NH₃PbI₃ absorber layer, [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) ETL and a V_OC of 1.17V at 1Sun.

References:

[1] R. Arai, S. Furukawa, Y. Hidaka, H. Komiyama, and T. Yasuda, "High-Performance Organic Energy-Harvesting Devices and Modules for Self-Sustainable Power Generation under Ambient Indoor Lighting Environments," ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, vol. 11, pp. 9259-9264, 2019

[2] X. He et al., "40.1% Record Low-Light Solar-Cell Efficiency by Holistic Trap-Passivation using Micrometer-Thick Perovskite Film," Advanced Materials, vol. 33, no. 27, p. 2100770, 2021.

[3] M. Stolterfoht et al., "The impact of energy alignment and interfacial recombination on the internal and external open-circuit voltage of perovskite solar cells," Energy & Environmental Science, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 2778-2788, 2019.

[4] Z. Liu, J. Siekmann, B. Klingebiel, U. Rau, and T. Kirchartz, "Interface Optimization via Fullerene Blends Enables Open‐Circuit Voltages of 1.35 V in CH3NH3Pb (I0. 8Br0. 2) 3 Solar Cells," Advanced Energy Materials, vol. 11, no. 16, p. 2003386, 2021.

Acknowledgements:

The authors would like to thank Benjamin Klingebiel for his help with the measurement box operation.

The authors acknowledge the HITEC fellowship program for funding.

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