Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference (MATSUSFall23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.196
Publication date: 18th July 2023
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are a viable alternative to conventional combustion engines running on fossil fuels. Using hydrogen as fuel, they do not contribute carbon emissions during operation, and can thus make the mobility sector a lot cleaner. However, the electrocatalyst cost still poses an issue, as those advanced materials commonly contain scarce noble metals, like platinum. To catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction inside the fuel cell, supported Pt-alloy nanoparticles are now commonly used to lower the amount of Pt. However, such nanoparticle ensembles are far from uniform, and the effect of certain structural features remains unexplored.
In this contribution, I will present a recent study focusing on carbon-supported platinum-copper nanoparticles containing anti-phase boundaries. Those planar defects, contributing to chemical disorder, were previously described for a bulk alloy, but not how they manifest themselves in a nanoscale catalyst. Experimental and simulated X-ray powder diffraction was used to determine the defect placement, and in-situ high-temperature scans were used to observe their temperature-dependent evolution. Electron diffraction and atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the defect presence locally, and the oxygen reduction reaction performance was evaluated for several platinum-copper analogs with and without anti-phase boundaries. This study is a step towards a more detailed understanding of the structure-property relationship of nanoparticulate electrocatalysts.
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