Proceedings of MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference (MATSUSFall23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.135
Publication date: 18th July 2023
The search for highly efficient carbo-catalysts with novel compositions usually follows a two-step process. Initially, proof of concept is established using conventional fine powders. Subsequently, the focus shifts to the feasibility of scaling up the material and shaping it into practical catalyst forms. This last aspect, often overlooked, plays nonetheless a vital role in determining which catalysts have the potential for industrial application.[1] Previous works already settled the interest of phosphorus-doped carbons for alcohol oxidation reactions, acid catalysis biomass upgrade or as support for electrocatalysis.[2-3] However, little attempts have been made thus far in the direction of a technical catalyst.
We present here a straightforward production of P-doped carbon porous pellets on a multi-gram scale by simply using phytic acid ( and cellulose, both extracted from biomass and combined with a noodle pasta machine for extrusion. The so-formed spaghetti undergo a carbonization at 800 °C yielding a carbonaceous material in the shape of pellets. These latter exhibit good mechanical stability and a high phosphorus content (13 wt.%), predominantly in the form of surface phosphoric acid groups (-OPO3H2). Upon calcination, the carbonization of cellulose leads to the evolution of gases, creating extensive macroporosity beneficial for mass transport. Additionally, the release of phosphoric acid also generates micro- and mesopores (pores < 3 nm, SBET = 1000 m2/g), thereby increasing the density of available reactive sites. These characteristics would ultimately allow for the development of a flow-through catalytic structure.
The so-formed material was studied as a metal-free acid solid catalyst for the pyrolysis of waste cooking oil into biofuel. The resulting organic liquid fraction exhibits an interesting balance between alkanes and aromatics, suitable for an application as a jet fuel. Although the interest of the porous monoliths was demonstrated here in the context of thermo-catalysis, we envision to employ a similarly prepared material as a porous self-standing electrode. This approach would leverage the electronic conductivity of the pellets and the presence of abundant surface chelating groups.
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