Publication date: 3rd July 2020
The colloidal synthesis of III-V quantum dots (QDs) has since its very beginning lagged behind development of other classes such as II-V and IV-VI QDs. Precursors employed in their synthesis are often highly reactive, pyrophoric and commercially unavailable, posing a persistent challenge to synthesis and commercialization of these nanomaterials. Considering the case of InAs, many potential applications such as biological imaging, lighting and sensing have been explored due to its high-performing optoelectronic properties in the near-infrared and short-wave infrared.
Addressing this gap between arduous, small-scale syntheses and a rich application landscape, we report on a new synthetic scheme of InAs QDs[1]. Recently popularized tris(amino)arsines are combined with In(I)Cl as the key precursor. In(I) is proposed to sequentially reduce As-N bonds, yielding As(-3) and In(III). These species go on to smoothly form InAs QDs with first excitonic absorption features in the range of 700–1400 nm. In(I)Cl forms a dynamic equilibrium with In(0) and InCl3 under reaction conditions, delivering the active In(I) species in a controlled manner. The synthesis exhibits straightforward execution, gram scale batch sizes with maintained nanoparticle quality and a facile workup procedure under ambient conditions. The as-prepared particles are shown to incorporate well into existing CdSe shell growth schemes, furnishing core-shell QDs emissive in the window 1000–1500 nm with a narrow photoluminescence full-width-at-half-maximum of about 120 meV throughout.
In summary, harnessing benign, commercially available precursors with well matched reactivity opens up a new paradigm towards the synthesis of colloidal III-V QDs. Ease of execution, scalability and flexibility of this approach are likely to spur further research and advance commercial viability of colloidal nanomaterials in a diverse set of applications in the infrared. The chemistry described here is expected to translate to other indium-based materials, serving as an alternative platform to previously reported routes.
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