Publication date: 3rd July 2020
Lead halide perovskites attract the interest of researchers from a variety of fields due to a unique combination of properties: optoelectronic tolerance to intrinsic defects, particularly long diffusion length of carriers, and highly dynamic crystal lattice. These materials successfully advance towards application in solar cells, light-emitting devices, and high-energy radiation detectors. There was also significant progress in the understanding of their optoelectronic properties on both bulk- and nano-scale levels. This new understanding indicates that finding an alternative lead-free material with similar optoelectronic properties among other, non-group-14 metal halides can be very challenging if possible at all. On the other hand, recent advances in metal halide perovskite photovoltaics indicate that the closest analog to lead halide perovskites, namely formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3), could exhibit similarly good performance when synthesized with a low number of trap states. The main challenge with this material originates from the easiness of trap states generation during the processing of tin (II) iodide perovskites. Typically, these trap states are ascribed to the oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV). In this work, we present a colloidal synthesis of FASnI3 nanocrystals with a high degree of monodispersity and show that their oxidation is not the only reason for low photoluminescence quantum yield.
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