DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.sus-mhp.2022.039
Publication date: 15th November 2022
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) > 25.7 %. State-of-the-art PSCs use passivation layers that protect cells from external agents such as moisture and remove surface defects. One of the most successful PSC uses large organic cations also used for the formation of 2D perovskite. Interestingly this surface layer can form in two modes: a heterostructure of low dimensional (2D) perovskite on top of a 3D absorber layer, or without the formation of a 2D perovskite. Both methods lead to highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells, as it is possible to observe from research in the last five years.
Additionally, methods to form passivate or form 2D/3D heterostructures vary (spin coating, exfoliation, vapor, and vacuum deposition) and over 50 different ligands have been employed. This demonstrates the versatility of these cations.
This knowledge turns fundamental for device design, opening new strategies for perovskite interface optimization with a low cost and impact on the environment.