Publication date: 15th December 2014
A novelconcept of a monolithic all-silicon(Si) multi-junction photovoltaic electrolysis(MJ-PV/E) device based on a modified interdigitated back-contact (IBC) crystallineSi solar cell is presented. The implementation of a monolithic lateral series connection allows to generate a sufficiently high photovoltage and to provide the water redox potential of 1.23 V taking overpotentials and losses into account.Contrary to conventional vertically-stacked MJ cellsall contacts are on the back side and hencethe front side is not in contact with the electrolyte which eliminates any parasitic light absorption by the electrolyte and provides a larger degree of freedom in the preparationof the front side in terms of structure and material since corrosion is completely avoided. The IBC designyields a separation of the light converting bulk of the solar cell and the contacts for electrolysis. Hence, theelectrodes that are in contact with the electrolyte can be sealed in a chemically stable, thick insulator at theback side without affecting the light absorption properties of the solar cell. The MJ-PV/Edevice allows the usage of catalysts, which require high process temperatures up 400 °C, since thesolar cell is based on temperature-stable crystalline Si. This is a major advantage of this deviceover MJ cells using amorphous Si, which is irreversibly degraded in this temperature regime.Under the assumption that the MJ-PV/E device operates under AM1.5G illumination at a photocurrent,which is a third of the reported short-circuit current density of 40.6 mA/cm2 of IBC cells, an upper limit of the solar-to-hydrogenconversion efficiency of 16.6% is feasible.
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