Publication date: 15th December 2014
Hydrogen is an ideal clean energy and also an important chemical in industries. The hydrogen must be produced from water using a renewable energy source, if one considers the energy and environmental issues. Therefore, photocatalytic water splitting is still a challenging reaction because it is an ultimate solution to these serious problems. Photocatalytic CO2 fixation has also attracted attention. These water splitting and CO2 fixation of uphill reactions can be regarded as artificial photosynthesis, because light energy is converted to chemical energy. In the present paper, we introduce various metal oxide and sulfide photocatalysts aiming at artificial photosynthesis [1]. Solar water splitting has been achieved by construction of various kinds of Z-scheme photocatalysis systems employing visible-light-driven photocatalysts (Ru/SrTiO3:Rh and BiVO4) [2-6]. Composite photocatalyst of Ru/SrTiO3:Rh and BiVO4 works for water splitting in just water without any additives. It is the simplest system for solar water splitting [6]. Photoelectrochemical water splitting without applying external bias under visible light irradiation was also demonstrated using the SrTiO3:Rh photocathode and the BiVO4 photoanode [7,8]. SrTiO3:Rh,Sb powdered photocatalyst with 2.4 eV of an energy gap is also active for water splitting under visible light irradiation [9].
References
[1] A. Kudo, Y. Miseki, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009, 38, 253. [2] H. Kato, Y. Sasaki, N. Shirakura, A. Kudo, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, 1,12327.[3] Y. Sasaki, H. Kato, A. Kudo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 5441.[4] A. Iwase, Y. H. Ng, Y. Ishiguro, A. Kudo, R. Amal, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011,133, 11054.[5] Y. Sasaki, H. Nemoto, K. Saito, A. Kudo, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113,17536.[6] Q. Jia, A. Iwase, A. Kudo, Chem. Sci., 2014, 5, 1513.[7] K. Iwashina and A. Kudo, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 13272.[8] Q. Jia, K. Iwashina, and A. Kudo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2012, 109, 11564.[9] R. Asai, H. Nemoto, Q. Jia, K. Saito, A. Iwase, A. Kudo, Chem. Commun., 2014,50, 2543.
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