Enabling Strain Relaxation via Low-Temperature Microwave Processed TiO2 as an Electron Transport Layer for Enhanced Performance and Atmospheric Stability in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
SUDHIR RANJAN a, Kanwar Singh Nalwa b, Ashish Garg c, Raju Kumar Gupta a
a Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Kanpur-India, India
b Department of Materials Science and Engineering, IIT Kanpur
c Department of Sustainable Energy Engineering, IIT Kanpur
Proceedings of SUNRISE September Symposium 2021 ‘Powering Green Recovery’ (SUNRISEIII)
Online, Spain, 2021 September 20th - 22nd
Organizers: Hari Upadhyaya, Adrian Walters, James Durrant, Sara Walters and Georgia Bevan
Invited Speaker, SUDHIR RANJAN, presentation 028
Publication date: 14th September 2021

The current research envisages the use of microwave (MW) processed TiO2 as an effective electron transport layer (ETL) for realizing improved performance in low temperature perovskite solar cell over the conventional perovskite solar cells with high-temperature processed ETL (~ 500 oC). This study proposes a new strategy to process defect-free compact TiO2 layer at low temperature (~ 150 oC) in shorter time duration (1 minute) and is energy saving. Our low temperature solution-based processing protocol significantly improves optoelectronic and microstructural properties of TiO2. Additionally, low-temperature processing route provides superior template for perovskite film growth leading to better ETL/perovskite interface with lower defects, improves perovskite film quality by increasing grain size and reduces strain in perovskite films subsequently resulting in enhanced Voc, Jsc and Fill factor. These findings were extensively investigated by spectroscopic, structural and device characterization techniques followed by simulation studies. We envision that this facile, quick, low-temperature and energy saving approach of MW processing of TiO2 is a promising technology which will be instrumental for commercialization of economical perovskite solar cells in near future. We also believe that this technique can lay the foundation for development of large-area flexible modules with single junction or multi-junction tandem architectures based on perovskite photovoltaic technology.

DST, SUNRISE, EPSRC

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