Publication date: 1st July 2014
Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites have led to remarkable advancements in low-cost solar cells with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) already exceeding 17%. High device performance can be achieved in a number of different architectures, but depends heavily on the quality of the perovskite film formation as the interface dynamics between charge transport layers and the perovskite. Here, we control perovskite crystal domains size by guiding the growth through highly ordered porous macro-patterned metal oxide arrays, which are fabricated via colloidal monolayer lithography. The organic-inorganic perovskite material fills the macro-pores remarkably well leading to fully controlled domain size with tuneable film thickness. We fabricate semi-transparent perovskite solar cells through the structuring of the photoactive material, which leads to enhanced open-circuit voltage and fill factor resulting in increased power conversion efficiencies of up to 9.2% at relatively high average visible transmittance of active layer of around 45%. The controlled macro morphology of perovskite films opens up a wide range of possible applications ranging from charge transport optimization to optical enhancements and photonic structuring.
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