Publication date: 1st July 2014
Perovskite solar cells has experienced the fastest efficiency improvement ever observed for any kind of photovoltaic technology. Since the first reports on all solid devices, close to 18% efficiencies have been recently reported.1 Despites the fast development of this technology the working principles of these cells are not completely understood. There are clear evidences that the working mechanism governing this kind of cells presents visible differences respect other photovoltaic devices.2 Understanding these mechanism is mandatory for further efficiency improvement and also to discover new outstanding materials for photovoltics. Here we present a systematic study of recombination in perovskite solar cells. We have analyzed different perovskite configurations with and without mesoporous scaffold, with different perovskite types, CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI3-xClx, and with different selective contacts. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) characterization has been carried out, under dark and under illumination conditions. We shown that this characterization allows to determine recombination resistance, inversely proportional to recombination rate. Similar patterns have been obtained regardless perovskite material and cell configuration is varied, pointing to similar working principles in perovskite solar cells. In addition the role of selective contact is also discussed comparing samples with an without electron and/or hole selective contacts. Effect of selective contact in cell performance in terms of fill factor and open circuit voltage are highlighted, observing a dramatic effect of selective contacts in recombination rate. New features observed for perovskite materials will be also introduced.
1 http://www.nrel.gov/ncpv/images/efficiency_chart.jpg
2 Kim, H.-S.; Mora-Sero, I.; Gonzalez-Pedro, V.; Fabregat-Santiago, F.; Juarez-Perez, E. J.; Park, N.-G.; Bisquert, J. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4:2242 d.
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