Publication date: 10th April 2024
For rational development of solid oxide cells (SOC) it is essential to understand processes occurring at operating electrodes. Because of harsh operating conditions and several technical limitations, the number of high temperature in situ spectroelectrochemical and XRD studies is rather limited [1,2]. Simultaneous chemical and electrochemical characterization of operating electrode is very promising approaches for deconvolution of surface processes occurring at SOFC anode.
One possible way to improve reliability and reduce complexity of the SOFC balance of plant is the implementation of mixed ionic-electronic conductive (MIEC) ceramic materials instead of metal-cermet (as Ni-YSZ or Ni-GDC) composites as hydrogen electrode. One of most studied MIEC electrode compositions is perovskite type La doped SrTiO3. Different modifications and doping levels with different properties have been demonstrated in numerous studies [3]. Because of good stability, La0.31Sr0.58Ti0.97Ni0.03O3-δ (LSTN) was selected as the model material for NAP-HT-XPS EIS experiment.
In the present study thin film La0.31Sr0.58Ti0.97Ni0.03O3-δ electrode was prepared using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Current collectors were made from Pt (using magnetron sputtering) and placed under the thin film electrode layer.
Electrodes were characterized using XPS and EIS methods at near ambient pressure conditions (1-5 mbar) at 650 °C and at normal pressure. Surface chemistry was characterized at different H2/H2O ratios i.e. at controlled oxygen partial pressures. Electrochemical activation of LSCN electrode was carried out at cathodic polarization and surface chemistry of electrode was monitored afterwards. Impedance analysis of LSTN microelectrodes was carried out at controlled pO2 and discussed together with in situ NAP-HT-XPS results.
This work was supported by the Estonian Research Council grant PRG551, by the project „Increasing the knowledge intensity of Ida-Viru entrepreneurship“ co-funded by the European Union (ÕÜF2), by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (TK210). Part of the research was conducted using the NAMUR+ core facility supported by the Estonian Research Council (TT 13) and by ERDF project Centre of Technologies and Investigations of Nanomaterials (NAMUR+, project number 2014-2020.4.01.16-0123).
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