Publication date: 10th April 2024
Solid-state electrolytes, encompassing inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs), solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), and gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), are promising alternatives to liquid electrolytes with enhanced safety, stability, and the potential for compatibility with higher energy density devices.1, 2 Among these, GPEs offer distinct advantages, namely ionic conductivity similar to that observed in liquid electrolyte systems with the mechanical stability of polymer electrolytes. 3-5This study introduces a novel approach for the production of a GPE electrolyte from an initial SPE. The SPE, a blend of PEC (Poly (ethylene carbonate), HNBR (Hydrogenated butadiene rubber) and Li salt is produced without solvents via melt extrusion. Melt extrusion is a green manufacturing technique due to the absence of hazardous solvents and energy savings that result from avoiding lengthy drying steps.
The PEC phase of the resultant SPE is then decomposed in-situ via thermal treatment to yield EC, which is kept by the HNBR phase, to produce a GPE. The interaction between the polymer and solvent in the GPE significantly influences its electrochemical properties, particularly ionic conductivity, by improving electrolyte absorption and increasing Li+ ion mobility relative to the SPE. These interactions influence the properties of the GPEs including the temperature and time needed for SPE to GPE conversion.
The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Counsel of Canada (NSERC), Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and TotalEnergies Canada Inc. (NSERC Collaborative Research and Development RDCPJ 528052-18). The authors would also like to acknowledge the MAPLES characterization platform at the Université de Montréal.
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