Publication date: 10th April 2024
Traditionally, ceramics have been extremely difficult to machine into complex shapes with higher accuracy and efficiency due to their hard and brittle properties. In recent years, laser ablation and 3D-printing are attracting great interest as they offer the possibility of achieving complex shapes [1].
For example, we have recently deal with the mesoscale geometry control of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces for solid oxide cells (SOCs) applications [2]. The idea consists on the fabrication of novel architecture designs of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces at the mesoscale range and compatible with both the microstructure characteristic length (around 1 μm) and the dimensions of the cell (above 100 μm). With these architecture interfaces we intend to increase the current exchange between the different layers and as a consequence, the overall electrical performance of the device. In fact, the electro-chemically active area is proportional to the electrode/electrolyte interface volumetric area, which can be increased by the modification of the interface geometry at the mesoscale characteristic length scale.
Some of the examples will be shown on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. In this sense, a decrease in polarisation with respect to an unprocessed cell was in the range of 30%, tested using symmetrical cells. Similar results were obtained in complete single cells (electrolyte supported), measured in fuel cell mode. Additionally, 3D laser processed surfaces are being also applied on All Solid State Lithium Batteries (ASSBs) electrolytes of LAGP (Li1.3Al0.3Ge1.7(PO4)3) and LLZTO (Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12).
In addition, we will also show the first examples of laser sintering of thin YSZ or CGO (cerium gadolinium oxide) layers, as a novel and rapid sintering technique using fast heating rates and short processing times or low temperatures.
This research has received funding from PID2019–107106RB-C32 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE), PID2022-137626OB-C31, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 FEDER, UE and T02-20R (DGA) grants. This research was also supported by MCIN with funding from NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1) within the Planes Complementarios con CCAA (Area of Green Hydrogen and Energy) and it has been carried out in the CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) Transición Energética Sostenible+ (PTI TRANSENER+).
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