Publication date: 10th April 2024
Anode-free solid-state batteries, in which the lithium anode is formed in situ during the first charge, could deliver a step-change in cell energy densities. However, at charge rates on the order of 1 mA cm2, plating of Li at the current collector/solid electrolyte interface is highly inhomogeneous, and dendrites (filaments of Li metal) are observed to penetrate through the solid electrolyte resulting in cell failure. Recent work has suggested that introduction of a silver-carbon composite interlayer between the solid electrolyte and current collector can prevent dendrite ingress into the solid electrolyte whilst promoting more homogeneous deposition of Li metal.[1]
In this work, we investigate silver-carbon composite interlayers, revealing the structural changes within the interlayer during charge and discharge, and the rate dependence of these changes. We go on to investigate the homogeneity of Li-Ag alloy and Li metal formation at the current collector with and without silver nanoparticles present in the interlayer, and how this affects the processes of charge and discharge. We demonstrate dendrite-free charge at 2 mA cm2 and reveal the origin of the failure of the interlayer at higher rates.[2]
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