Publication date: 10th April 2024
A relevant point in circular economy is the possibility to recycle wastes in a so-called “waste to treasure” attitude. For this approach to be economically sustainable, the purification and separation steps should be minimized, thus requiring robust catalysts. Double perovskite samples of composition Sr2Mg1-xMnxMoO6-δ (SMMO) have been considered because of their versatility towards different feeding gasses and resistance towards sulfur impurities, opening to the possible use of these catalysts with direct waste-derived fuels. [1] Catalysts characterized by different amount of Mg/Mn have been prepared (with x = 0, 0.2, 0.5 and 1) and studied as both catalysts for the Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reaction – relevant for optimization of H2 content in syngas for E-fuels synthesis – and anode materials in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) – with direct utilization of the fuel thanks to the high operating temperature. The synthesis was carried out via the Pechini route, using a previously optimized quantity of ethylene glycole (EG/CA = 3). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) has shown the formation of the desired phase, with only minor impurities of MgO and SrMoO4, that could lower the overall performance of the cell. [2,3] Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images have shown polyhedric-like shape, principally due to the high calcination temperature. The thermo-catalytic tests, performed using a gas blend of 80% H2 and 20% CO2, have shown a “twins”-like behaviour of the samples, also supported by the H2-TPR analysis (x = 0 is similar to x = 0.5, while x = 0.2 is similar to x = 1), hypothesising the absence of Mn (II) in the x = 0.5 sample; this results in the presence of Mn (III), known in previous work to possess a good activity toward oxygen exchange that, together with the Lewis basicity of the Mg (II) cation favours the coordination of CO2 and, consequently, its reduction. [4,5] The same gas blend was used to evaluate the electrochemical behaviour of the SMMO materials as SOFC anode by means of the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique, comparing the results to a benchmark test in H2 only as fuel. Interesting outcomes have been achieved in complete cells’ tests, using different feeding mixtures. SMMO materials demonstrate to be sustainable, versatile and robust catalyst – and electrocatalysts. The detailed characterization of the electrode powder, and the comparison between catalytic and electro-catalytic behaviour allows to go deeply into the fuel oxidation mechanism and to relate composition, structure and properties.
I extend my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Prof. Antonella Glisenti, whose unwavering guidance and expertise have been instrumental in shaping this research.
I also want to acknowledge the collaborative efforts of my colleagues of the IMPACT research group, whose cross-cutting knowledge, support and insightful discussions greatly enriched this study.
Lastly, I want to acknowledge all the people, family and friends, that have stood by my side in times of difficulty in pursuing research.