Publication date: 10th April 2024
Solid-state batteries have the potential to be a disruptive technology because of their ability to improve safety and increase energy density by incorporating Li metal anodes. However, all solid-state interfaces present unique challenges, including high interfacial impedances, accommodation of mechanical stresses due to solid-solid interfacial contact, and (electro)chemical instabilities that can evolve during dynamic cycling conditions. Furthermore, a significant challenge facing the scale-up of SSBs is to improve our understanding of processing science needed to enable manufacturing.
To address these challenges, our group focuses on gaining new fundamental insights into the coupled phenomena occurring at interfaces, and applied this knowledge to rationally design interfacial composition and structure to address the root cause of performance limitations. As an enabling technology, we have developed operando video microscopy methods that allow for a dynamic visualization of the morphological and electrochemical evolution of solid-state electrochemical interfaces.
In this talk, I will describe our journey to deepen our understanding of interfacial phenomena at both the Li metal anode side, as well as in composite solid-state cathode materials. On the anode side, there is a critical need to understand and control the coupling between electrochemistry, morphology, and mechanics, to improve the uniformity and reversibility of plating and stripping during charge and discharge, respectively [1-4]. On the cathode side, we focus on overcoming energy/power tradeoffs, which exhibit unique phenomena owing to the single-ion conducting nature of ceramic electrolytes, as well as improving stability at high voltages [5]. Throughout the discussion, a common theme will be the identification of electrochemical signatures of the coupled thermodynamic, kinetic, and transport phenomena that occur at solid-state battery interfaces. Finally, equipped with this fundamental knowledge, I will discuss strategies to rationally design and manufacture optimized electrode architectures to improve stability and reversibility during cycling.
Neil Dasgupta acknowledges support from the Mechano-Chemical Understanding of Solid Ion Conductors, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science under grant no. DE-SC0023438.
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