Publication date: 10th April 2024
The surfaces of multicomponent perovskite oxides play a crucial role in many established and emerging technologies [1-5]. Yet, little is known about their atomic-scale details. The few systems that have been systematically investigated have shown a mindbogglingly rich structural variety on their surfaces [6-8].
Here, we focus on the two lowest-energy orientations of lanthanum strontium manganite (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3, LSMO). We grow (110)- [9] and (001)-oriented epitaxial thin films by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) and characterize their surfaces using a variety of surface-science tools, most prominently scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).
(110)-oriented films exhibit a rich plethora of polarity-compensated reconstructions [10]. Which reconstruction appears on the surface and with which ratio is dictated by the surface composition and the oxygen chemical potential used to treat the sample [11].
On the other hand, (001)-oriented films display only two types of surface terminations over a broad range of parameters: one is rich in Mn, the other in La and Sr. The Mn-rich structure is particularly intriguing. In low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), it shows a 4-fold-symmetric pattern that cannot be explained by a set of two basis vectors as expected for a crystalline termination. A set of four, four-dimensional reciprocal-space vectors is needed instead – reminiscent of quasi-crystalline order. STM reveals an aperiodic real-space structure with a Fourier transform consistent with the LEED pattern. The reconstruction is well described as an incommensurately modulated structure [12].
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