Publication date: 10th April 2024
The manufacture of state-of-art Li-ion batteries require the consideration of $/KWh at cell and pack level at end of life (EOL) i.e. 80% capacity retention after 1000s of cycles. As a result, we need to simultaneously increase cell performance and longevity. Extending battery lifetimes in state-of-the-art batteries requires an academic understanding of degradation processes within industry-like manufactured cells. Ideally, we would like to directly observe the intercalation reactions directly within the real cells as a function of cycling to trace the origins of degradation. Unfortunately, most operando studies of these batteries employ either ½-coin cell configurations and/are compromised cells to cater the geometry of the X-ray experiments.
Here, I will summarize our recent developments to employ industry-like cells with in-house x-ray diffraction/absorption and electron microscopy to track the degradation in Ni-rich NMC (NMC811) // graphite single-layer pouch cells after prolonged cycling.[1] This new capability enables us to examine the fundamental intercalation reactions occurring in real cells under drive cycles for electric vehicle applications. As a result, it provides new insight into the origin of oxygen loss induced degradation. In state-of-art Ni-rich cell chemistries.[1,-4]
This work was supported by the Faraday Institution Research Pouch Cell Manufacture (FIRG062) and Degradation (FIRG060) projects. The Faraday Institution FutureCat (FIRG017, FIRG065) project is also acknowledged
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