Publication date: 10th April 2024
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells are renowned for their unique fuel flexibility. Even state of the art anode supported cells, exhibiting an anode functional layer and a substrate based on Ni/8YSZ-cermets, can convert a wide variety of fuels as reformed hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, ammonia, ethanol and AdBlueTM besides hydrogen [1]. In case of ceria based fuel electrodes the stability towards contamination can be even improved [2].
In this contribution performance of SOFCs operated with different fuels respectively reformates thereof will be discussed. A particular focus will be on stability issues and the observed interactions of fuel electrode and substrate with these fuels and hardly avoidable contaminants as sulfur species [3,4] and higher hydrocarbon residues acting as soot precursors [5]. Examples of these interactions will be illustrated by means of cell performance degradation, changes in the impedance spectrum and distribution of relaxation times [6] as well as microstructural changes and macroscale defects observed in post-test analyses. Possible countermeasures by the expensive adjustment of the operating conditions on the system level or modifications of the fuel electrode itself will be discussed.
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