Publication date: 10th April 2024
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been studied in various fields (e.g., catalysts, sensors, and electrodes) due to their unique electronic and mechanical properties. Metal oxide/CNT composites, which combine the high theoretical capacity of metal oxides and the high conductivity of carbon materials, are attracting attention in the energy field such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. CNTs can effectively anchor nano-sized oxide particles through a network structure of CNTs. The sp2 hybridization on the surface of CNTs can enhance the charge transfer between metal oxide particles and CNTs, providing high electrochemical activity.
Metal oxides/CNTs using noble metal oxides have high electrical conductivity and high chemical stability, and have been used as energy materials. However, due to their cost and scarcity, transition metal oxides such as NiO, Fe3O4, and MnO2 are being introduced recently. Nickel oxide (NiO) has high charge transfer properties owing to a reversible electron transfer reaction (Ni2+/Ni3+) involving the activated surface oxygen species or the metallic sites. To obtain the advantage of NiO, various synthesis methods are being studied for coating nano sized NiO particles on the surface of CNTs or embedding them inside CNTs.
We synthesized nano sized NiO/CNT by solution combustion synthesis to control the surface properties of NiO and investigated the electrochemical properties of NiO/CNTs by oxygen vacancy formation on the surface of NiO. In the crystal structure and particle size analysis, the lattice strain was confirmed as the diffraction peaks of NiO decreased and broadened. For the microstructure of NiO and the structural properties of CNTs, the CNT growth by nano sized NiO was observed, and the ID/IG ratio was calculated to be 0.36, indicating high graphitization of the CNT surface. The surface bonding state and valence state of NiO were analyzed, and EPR analysis was used to confirm the changes in oxygen vacancy formation on the NiO surface. G-factor was calculated, which show the formation of oxygen vacancies on the NiO surface by the enhanced charge transfer between NiO and CNT. Electrochemical properties of NIO/CNT will be discussed with and the charge transfer between NiO and CNT and surface oxygen vacancies by the changes in the valence state of NiO,
This work was supported by Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT) grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE) (P0008335, HDR Program for Industrial Innovation).
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