Publication date: 10th April 2024
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are among the most promising technologies for the production of electricity and heat from traditional and renewable energy sources. In the event of low electricity consumption, excess electrical energy can also be stored in hydrogen produced in the electrolysis mode of SOFCs. However, excellent power outputs of SOFCs are recorded rather at a high temperature range (around 800 °C). The high operational temperature of SOFCs significantly contributes to the high operational costs, and limits the choice of device materials, rendering SOFCs commercially unviable. To enhance economic competitiveness, it is imperative to lower the operational temperature to a range of ≤600 °C while still maintaining a high-power output. Therefore, the development of new electrodes with enhanced electrocatalytic properties is indispensable for boosting the performance of SOFCs. The design of dual-phase electrodes bringing a synergistic effect, significantly benefits the performance of SOFCs, including the fabrication of heterostructured electrodes by mechanically milling or self-assembling techniques [1], in situ exsolution of secondary phase in the form of nanocatalysts [2]. Electrodes with unique dual-phase synergy substantially boost the electrochemical performance of SOFCs [1-4].
In this study, various approaches to fabricate hybrid electrodes have been employed and discussed, aiming to significantly enhance the performance of SOFCs.Sr2Fe2-xWxO6-δ perovskite electrodes with in situ exsolved metallic nanoparticles were designed. Excellent power output was recorded for constructed symmetrical solid oxide cells based on selected hybrid electrodes, showing 679 mW cm-2 at 800°C in H2 and 451 mW cm-2 in wet CH4. The self-assembling technique was employed for the manufacturing nanofiber-structured electrodes with GdBa0.5Sr0.5CoCuO5+δ-Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 dual phases, extensively promoting the electrochemical performance of hybrid electrode at intermediate temperature range (≤700 °C). In addition, we have utilized the mechanical milling method to fabricate high performance triple conducting composite with La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3–δ-BaCe0.9–xMoxY0.1O3–δ boosting the electrochemical performance of oxygen electrodes for SOFCs, with an excellent power density of 418.7 mW cm-2 at 600°C over a 500 h period.
The work is funded by the National Science Centre Poland (NCN) based on the decision number UMO-2021/43/D/ST5/00824. Kun Zheng acknowledges the financial support of research project supported by the program „Excellence Initiative – Research University” for the AGH University of Krakow.
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