Publication date: 1st April 2013
Even though investigations of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductors in solar cells has dominated research on dye sensitized solar energy conversion over the past two decades, single crystal electrodes represent far simpler model systems for studying the sensitization process. Single crystal surfaces prove to be more controlled experimental models for the study of dye-sensitized semiconductors than the nanocrystalline substrates. The preparation of surfaces of single crystals electrodes of both anatase and rutile TiO2and ZnO, to serve as reproducible model systems for charge separation at dye sensitized solar cells, will be described. Quantum dot (QD) sensitizers could eventually be more stable, have higher absorption coefficients and be synthesized to absorb most of the solar spectrum leading to more efficient and inexpensive solar cells. In addition, quantum effects such as injection from higher excited states in the QD and multiple exciton generation and collection, could be exploited to increase QD solar cell efficiencies beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit on single gap solar cell efficiencies. Results for CdSe QD sensitization of various oxide single crystal substrates will be given with both ligand exchanged and core-shell QDs. We will also discuss our experimental results that have demonstrated a doubling of the quantum yield to greater than 1 for PbS QD sensitization of anatase single crystal electrodes as well as electron injection from higher electronic states in the PbS QDs1. In addition recent results related to our quest for quantum yields greater than 2 will be presented.
1. Justin B.Sambur; Thomas Novet; B.A.Parkinson. Science 2010, 330, 63-66.
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