Publication date: 25th September 2020
Engineering two-dimensional (2D) / three-dimensional (3D) perovskites has emerged as an attractive route to efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. Beyond improving the surface stability of the 3D layer and acting as a trap passivation agent, the exact function of 2D/3D device interface remains vague.
Understanding the optoelectornic processes at the interface is therefore crucial.
In our work we provide the exact knowledge on the interface processes and energetics in 2D/3D perovskite interfaces. By combining different time resolved technicques such as optical pumop probe spectroscopy, time resolved microwave conductivity and novel ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) depth-profiling technique, we show the 2D/3D interface properties and how the interface function is influenced by the nature of the 2D overlayer. As a result, the 2D/3D perovskite interface can form a p-njunction able of reducing the electron density at the hole transport layer interface, but also that the optimized 2D/3D suppresses the interfacial recombination losses, leading to open-circuit voltage (VOC) which approaches the potential internal Quasi-Fermi Level Splitting (QFLS) of the perovskite absorber [1,2].
We thus identify the essential parameters and energetic alignment scenario required for 2D/3D perovskite systems in order to surpass the current limitations of hybrid perovskite solar cell performances and advance in device optimization.
G.G. acknowledges the “HY-NANO” project that has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant 2018 under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 802862).
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