Publication date: 11th July 2022
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid materials that consist of metal ions coordinated by organic ligands. Traditionally, as a consequence of their porosity, this class of materials finds applications in gas storage and separation or catalysis, while their typical insulating character has prevented them from their exploitation in the field of electronics. However, the advancements in achieving long-range crystalline order in MOFs, as well as the tunable coupling between the organic and inorganic constituents, has led to the recent development of electrically conductive MOFs as a new generation of electronic materials.
For long, the nature of charge transport in conductive MOFs, i.e. whether a hopping or band-like transport mechanism is operative, has remained unresolved. Here we demonstrate, using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy and Hall effect measurements, Drude-type, band-like transport in a semiconducting, π-d conjugated porous Fe3(THT)2(NH4)3 (THT, 2,3,6,7,10,11-triphenylenehexathiol) two-dimensional MOF made of van der Waals stacked layers. The combined optical and electric techniques show unequivocally the presence of delocalized charge carriers with a room-temperature mobility up to 220 cm2V–1s–1. Moreover, the temperature-dependent conductivity reveals that this mobility represents a lower bound for the material, limited only by scattering with impurities. These results illustrate the potential for high-mobility semiconducting MOFs as active materials in thin-film optoelectronic devices.