Proceedings of nanoGe Spring Meeting 2022 (NSM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nsm.2022.360
Publication date: 7th February 2022
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved tremendous progress in terms of power conversion efficiencies (PCE) during the last decade which features a high commercialization potential of this PV technology. To achieve high PCE, significant efforts have been made to design and investigate new hole-transport layer (HTL) materials. Along with the spiro-OMeTAD, polytriarylamines (PTAAs) represent one of the most commonly used families of HTL materials [1]. However, even the most promising HTL materials delivering high PCEs will not bring PSCs towards commercialization if their high cost is not taken into consideration [2]. Unfortunately, both spiro-OMeTAD and PTAA are prohibitively expensive materials with the current price of ~500 and ~2000 $/g respectively [3].
Spiro-OMeTAD is expensive due to its multistep synthesis that requires low temperature, sensitive and aggressive reagents, and costly sublimation purification. The high cost of PTAA is driven by both complexity of the utilized synthetic methods, which often require several synthetic steps, and the high cost of metal-based catalysts, including noble metal complexes. For example, Pd-catalyzed Suzuki reaction has been actively utilized as the method of polycondensation of triarylamines with halogen and boron-based functional groups [4]. Unstable and pricey Ni(COD)2 has also been utilized for the polymerization of brominated triarylamines. Although the oxidative polymerization of arylamines has been actively utilized for the synthesis of materials for electroluminescent devices [5], the application of this approach for the synthesis of HTL materials for perovskite solar cells remains still unexplored.
Herein, we report a straightforward synthesis of a series of polytriarylamines using an efficient and cheap FeCl3-assisted oxidative polymerization. This simple yet efficient synthetic approach allowed us to obtain a series of polytriarylamines. These polymers outperformed commercial PTAA, which was utilized as a reference, when used as HTL materials in MAPbI3-based n-i-p perovskite solar cells. In particular, reproducible PCEs of >18% were reached for ITO|SnO2|PCBA|MAPbI3|HTL|VOx|Ag device configuration.
This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project 19-73-30020).
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