Proceedings of nanoGe Spring Meeting 2022 (NSM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nsm.2022.312
Publication date: 7th February 2022
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have recently attracted attention due to their high transconductance, low operating voltage, and compatibility with aqueous solutions for broad bio-sensing applications. Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:poly-4-styrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a typical material acting as the active channel layer in OECTs. However, the poor electrical conductivity of pristine PEDOT:PSS diminish the lifetime and restrict the application scope of the electronic device systems. Although some additives in PEDOT:PSS have been proposed to enhance the conductivity, those additives are either toxic or not proved to be biocompatible. Herein, a biocompatible ionic liquid is proposed as an effective additive to enhance the performance of PEDOT:PSS based OECTs. The influence of the ionic liquid on the conductivity, morphology, and the redox process of PEDOT:PSS during electrochemical doping/de-doping processes are explored. The PEDOT:PSS/the ionic liquid (PEDOT:PSS mixed with the ionic liquid) film as OECT channel layer exhibits enhanced transistor characteristics, such as higher transconductance [the normalized gm/(Wd/L) are 22.3 ± 4.5 mS μm-1], a high μC* product [283.80 ± 29.66 F cm-1 V-1 s-1], fast response times [40.57 μs for the device (W/L = 100 μm/10 μm, d = 69 nm)] and excellent switching cyclical stability [> 95% retention after 5000 cycles]. In addition, flexible and biocompatible OECTs are designed using the PEDOT:PSS/the ionic liquid for electrophysiological (ECG) signals acquisition. These OECTs showed robust performance against physical deformation and successfully recorded ECG signals from the heart of a volunteer. Furthermore, an on-skin electronic device consisting of PEDOT:PSS/the ionic liquid based OECT and sensing component is demonstrated to monitor full-range human motions. In conclusion, PEDOT:PSS/the ionic liquid based devices exhibit promising potential for skin-based physiological signals monitoring.
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