Degradation Mechanism of Hybrid Tin Perovskite and the Critical Role of Tin (IV) Iodide
Luis Lanzetta a, Thomas Webb a, Nourdine Zibouche b, Xinxing Liang a, Dong Ding a, Ganghong Min a, Robert J.E. Westbrook a, Benedetta Gaggio a, Thomas J. Macdonald a, M. Saiful Islam b, Saif A. Haque a
a Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
b Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, University of Bath, Bath,UK, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of nanoGe Spring Meeting 2022 (NSM22)
#TSPV22. Towards Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics
Online, Spain, 2022 March 7th - 11th
Organizers: Yana Vaynzof, Feng Gao and Zhuoying Chen
Contributed talk, Luis Lanzetta, presentation 067
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nsm.2022.067
Publication date: 7th February 2022

Hybrid tin halide perovskite solar cells stand as the most promising alternative to their toxic lead-based counterparts, although addressing their poor ambient stability remains as the main challenge to make this technology competitive. Hence, detailed knowledge of their chemical degradation pathways is essential to mitigate their decomposition. This talk will cover our recent findings on the degradation mechanism of tin perovskite thin films (i.e. (PEA)0.2(FA)0.8SnI3, where PEA is phenylethylammonium and FA is formamidinium) via a combination of spectroscopy, diffraction and ab initio simulation techniques [1]. We find that SnI4, a product that forms as a result of the oxygen-mediated decomposition of perovskite, reacts further to form iodine via the combined action of atmospheric water and oxygen. Iodine is then shown to be a highly aggressive species that rapidly leads to further perovskite degradation to give more SnI4, establishing a cyclic degradation mechanism. We then find the ambient stability of tin perovskite films to be highly dependent on the hole transport layer chosen as the substrate, which is used to tackle the oxidative degradation of the material and increase its ambient stability. We expect the findings presented herein to provide key design rules towards stable, lead-free tin perovskite solar cells.

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