Proceedings of nanoGe Spring Meeting 2022 (NSM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nsm.2022.052
Publication date: 7th February 2022
Nonlinear optics is of paramount importance in several fields of science and technology: it is commonly used for frequency conversion, self-referencing of frequency combs, sensing, and ultra-short pulse generation and characterization. Large efforts have been devoted in the last years to realizing electrical and all-optical modulation of the nonlinear optical response of atomically thin materials, which are easy to integrate on photonic platforms and thus ideal for novel nanoscale devices [1][2]. In this talk, I will present different approaches to achieve large modulation of the harmonic generation in graphene and in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The first method is based on the electrical control of the graphene’s Fermi energy. This allows to tune the nonlinear multi-photon resonances occurring within the Dirac cone and thus to achieve a large electrical modulation of the third harmonic generation [3]. In addition, third harmonic generation in graphene can be modulated by tuning the electronic temperature in an all-optical approach [4]. The second example regards broadband all-optical modulation of the second harmonic generation. The concept is based on symmetry considerations and thus it is applicable to any material of the D3h symmetry group and with deep sub-wavelength thickness, such as all monolayer TMDs. With this approach we demonstrated a 90° rotation of the second harmonic polarization on a time-scale limited only by the fundamental pulse duration. In addition, this ultrafast polarization switch can be immediately applied to realize all-optical second harmonic amplitude modulation [5].
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