Proceedings of nanoGe International Conference on Perovskite Solar Cells, Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO19)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nipho.2019.073
Publication date: 21st November 2018
Is it possible to get into the bulk of a single crystal and replace a bromide atom with chlorine while keeping the rest of the crystal intact? Generally the answer is negative; nonetheless, herein we have discovered that some lead halide perovskite single crystals can do just this. Methylammonium lead bromide macroscale perovskite single crystals which were reacted in salt solutions of other perovskite suitable ions, namely, Cl-, I-, Cs+ and Sn2+ in proper solvents, exchanged the equivalent ions to a certain detectable degree. While the exchange of Pb2+ by Sn2+ was minute, chlorides could replace most bromides under ambient conditions. These crystals maintained their crystalline solid structure and initial morphologies throughout the reactions. The optical properties of the crystals changed with the composition and probing the cleaved faces of the reacted single crystals clarified which ions are present in the bulk. Further experiments in the solid phase revealed halide exchange among bromide and iodide based crystals which were ground together. Even though swift ion exchange reactions were identified among various perovskite nanocrystals before, clear differences between nanocrystals ion exchange and this research findings are evident. The experiments, characterizations, and theory behind the results will be discussed.
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