All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells – Performance, Electronic & Microstructure Properties
Pascal Kaienburg a, Moritz Riede a
a Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK, University of Oxford, Parks Rd, Oxford, United Kingdom
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)
#BRIGHT - Recent Breakthroughs in Organic Photovoltaics
Barcelona, Spain, 2022 October 24th - 28th
Organizers: Thomas Anthopoulos and Safa Shoaee
Invited Speaker, Pascal Kaienburg, presentation 360
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.360
Publication date: 11th July 2022

Organic solar cells (OSCs) based exclusively on small molecules have distinct advantages over polymer-based OSCs for commercial applications. Unlike polymers, small molecules have a defined molecular weight and can be purified easily, resulting in a simpler, more reproducible synthesis with controlled quality. Solution-processed All-small-molecule (ASM) OSCs have reached 17% power conversion efficiency, and ASM-OSCs fabricated via vacuum thermal evaporation (VTE) are leading OSC commercialization. However, ASM-OSCs remain less investigated than polymer-based OSCs in terms of their semiconducting and microstructure properties.

Here, we perform extensive optoelectronic characterization on high-performing ASM-OSC deposited from solution and in vacuum to quantify absorption, voltage losses and charge transport – probed via ellipsometry, sensitive EQE and CELIV, respectively. Example systems include VTE DCV5T-Me:C60, and solution-processed BTR-Cl:Y6. We find that certain VTE ASM-OSC achieve strong absorption, decent charge carrier mobility, or voltage losses matching corresponding polymer-based OSCs but no VTE blend combines all these favourable properties. We further investigate the blend microstructure in terms of phase separation. Interdiffusion experiments offer a thermodynamic perspective while the actual phase separation in probed via soft X-rays. This talk gives an overview over prospects and challenges of All-Small-Molecule organic solar cells and provides an outlook on open research questions.

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