Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)
Publication date: 11th July 2022
Introducing flexible conjugation-break spacer (FCBS) (i.e., aliphatic segments) into backbones of polymer donor or acceptor (PAs) has been demonstrated as an efficient approach to enhance both the photovoltaic (PV) and mechanical properties of the all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs).[1-3] However, the selection of FCBS lengths in these systems has been in a "trial and error" mode, length dependency of FCBS on certain all-PSC related photovoltaic and mechanical properties has not been systematically explored. In this regard, we report a series of new non-conjugated PAs by incorporating FCBS with various lengths (2, 4, and 8 carbon atoms in thioalkyl segments), to systematically explore the effect of FCBS length on material solubility, and photovoltaic and mechanical properties of fabricated polymer solar cells.[4] Unlike common studies on so-called side-chain engineering, where longer side chains would lead to better solubility of those resulting polymers, in this work, we observe that the optimal solubility of 39.8 mg mL-1 was achieved by introducing a proper FCBS length (i.e., 2 carbon atoms) in PA named PYTS-C2. Its all-PSC achieves a high efficiency of 11.37%, and excellent mechanical robustness with a crack onset strain of 12.39%, significantly superior to those of the other PAs. The introduction of short-chain FCBS can effectively enhance the flexibility of the main chain of PAs, weakening the intramolecular/intermolecular excessive aggregation to form larger crystals, ensuring the efficient transport of charges. Finally, the superior solubility and optimized phase separation enabled by the short FCBS lead to all-polymer solar cells with high photovoltaic performance and mechanical properties at the same time.
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