Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.218
Publication date: 11th July 2022
Current ammonia production via the Haber Bosch process requires high pressures, high temperatures and consumes >1% of our current fossil fuel production. To the contrary, nitrogenase in nature catalyses N2 reduction at room temperature and atmospheric pressures. The translation of the activity and selectivity of nitrogenase to a solid inorganic surface would enable the efficient on-site on demand synthesis of ammonia, powered by renewable electricity.
Amongst solid electrodes, thus far, only lithium based electrodes in organic electrolytes can catalyse N2 reduction to NH3.[1,2] Significant improvements are required to bring the lithium mediated system to an industrial reality; nonetheless, the field is progressing quickly, as we documented in a recent commentary.[3] Nonetheless, we lack comprehensive insight into the factors controlling the reaction.
In this talk, I will discuss why the lithium mediated system is unique amongst solid electrodes in its ability to reduce N2 to NH3. Our data using a combination electrochemical experiments, operando and ex-situ characterisation, and density functional theory calculations.[4] I will draw from concepts from enzymes, homogeneous catalysis and battery science. On this basis, I will discuss the most promising avenues towards more efficient N2 reduction.
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