Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.178
Publication date: 11th July 2022
The requirement of the scarce element iridium for PEM electrolyzer anodes is a potential bottleneck in the transition to a fossil-free society. Replacing iridium is difficult due to the harsh conditions at the PEM anode of high potential and low pH. Only a handful of elements are stable as a solid phase in the region of their Pourbaix diagram corresponding to these conditions, most of which are either not conductive and/or not active for water oxidation. Ruthenium, though less stable and almost as rare as iridium, is an interesting candidate because its oxides (RuOx) have higher activity for water oxidation than those of iridium (IrOx). This talk will describe trends in the activity and stability of ruthenium dioxide at low overpotential. We use in-situ detection of O2 to distinguish water oxidation from charging currents [1] and isotope-labeling to probe the mechanistic coupling of water oxidation and catalyst degradation [2]. Ruthenium and iridium are also interesting in that both form rutile oxides, like most of the other elements that are stable (but inactive) under PEM anode conditions. Insights from IrO2 and RuO2 can therefore be transferred to novel solid-solution rutile oxides of the form AxB1-xO2. This talk will also provide a perspective on this approach to noble-metal-free PEM anode electrocatalysts.
SBS acknowledges Iberdrola España and the Energy for Future (E4F) program for a research fellowship.
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