Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.105
Publication date: 11th July 2022
Energy surplus, if not utilized, are dumped as waste energy in the form of heat, not to mention adding carbon footprint to our daily operations. Yet, developing countries struggle to meet their demand and distribution schedule of energy leading to rotational brownouts. Research on energy generation, storage, and release has been continuously rolling. Hydrogen, generated from water splitting, is postulated as one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels. In this context, direct hydrogen generation by electrolysis and fixation to graphene oxide (GO) in an aqueous suspension could overcome storage and distribution problems of gaseous hydrogen. Herein, approaches of hydrogenating graphene oxide were studied primarily by time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
GO films, utilized as electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction with dynamic modulation of the potential difference, favoured 160% increase of C-H bond formation. Epoxide ring opening leading to hydroxyl groups suggests that these groups play a key role in hydrogenation. FTIR revealed characteristic -CH2 and -CH3 vibrations. This shows that hydrogenation is significantly also occurring in defective sites and edges of the graphene basal plane, rather than H-C(sp3). Partial reversibility was observed by in-situ Raman when applying a cyclic voltammetry caused by a reversible reaction present in the 0.34 to -1 VRHE range.
Photocatalytic hydrogenation was also explored. Metal organic frameworks (MOF) of graphene oxide, Ni2+, Cu2+ were found to acquire -CH2 and -CH3 moieties upon irradiation by a 75 W xenon lamp with TiO2 photocatalyst. The dispersing media and hole scavengers (water, methanol, and sulphite) were also found to affect the fixation of hydrogen in the (MOF). This method has demonstrated successful evolution of H-C(sp3) in the GO MOF whereas graphene-like structure (loss of oxygen functional groups) is produced when GO was subjected to the same irradiation technique.
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