Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.021
Publication date: 11th July 2022
Perovskite solar cells currently demonstrate more than 25% efficiency, however many fundamental processes still remain unclear. In particular, charge carrier mobility and diffusivity are still poorly characterized and understood. The reported mobility values differ by many orders of magnitude depending on the materials preparation, device architecture and measurement techniques. Therefore, carrier motion in real perovskite solar cells still remains far from clear and the lack of suitable carrier mobility investigation techniques is one of the major problems. Moreover, evaluation of the actual electric field strength in perovskite layer of solar cells is also not a trivial task. Therefore, the charge carrier transport in real operating perovskite solar cells still remains a controversial, heavily disputed question. Carrier motion is expected to be particularly complex in case of archetypical perovskite solar cell architecture, where majority of the perovskite is embedded into mesoporous TiO2 (m-TiO2) layer.
We investigated charge carrier motion and extraction from archetypical methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) perovskite solar cell. We used an ultrafast electric field-modulated transient absorption technique enabling to directly visualize the carrier motion with subpicosecond time resolution by evaluating electric field dynamics from the time-resolved electroabsorption spectra. We demonstrate that photogenerated holes drift across the mesoporous TiO2/perovskite layer during hundreds of picoseconds, however their extraction to the Spiro-OMeTAD hole transporting layer takes place during tens of nanoseconds suggesting that the hole extraction is limited by the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface rather than by the hole transport through the perovskite layer. Additionally, we use the ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence technique which reveals fluorescence decay during tens of ps, which we attribute to the spatial electron and hole separation.
This project has received funding from European Regional Development Fund under grant agreement No 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-03-0048 with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT).
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