Peering inside halide perovskite semiconductors through multimodal microscopy
Samuel Stranks a b
a Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge,UK, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge, United Kingdom
b Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of nanoGe Fall Meeting 2021 (NFM21)
#PerEmer21. Perovskites III: Emerging Materials and Phenomena
Online, Spain, 2021 October 18th - 22nd
Organizers: Moritz Futscher, Jovana Milic and Aditya Mohite
Invited Speaker, Samuel Stranks, presentation 117
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2021.117
Publication date: 23rd September 2021

Halide perovskite semiconductors are extremely promising materials for next-generation photovoltaics and other devices. However, even in spite of their strong performance in devices, these materials exhibit heterogeneity in their chemical, structural, optoelectronic and morphological properties on multiple length scales -- from the macroscale down to the nanoscale. Here, I will present our group's recent work exploring these different length scales of heterogeneity, and how the heterogeneity impacts performance. In particular, I will present multimodal microscopy measurements in which we simultaneously correlate local strucural and chemical properties with local performance. We identify that local, nanoscale trap clusters are responsible for non-radiative power losses but also are the sites that seed degradation -- and these clusters should be the target of elimination to improve device performance and longevity. We show how the local chemical heterogeneity can provide pathways for carriers to avoid these problematic trap clusters, explaining the strong performance of alloyed perovskite compositions. These results highlight the large impact the nanoscale landscape has on performance and device stability -- and, although far from benign, offers a lever to further control device behaviour. 

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