Proceedings of nanoGe Fall Meeting19 (NFM19)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2019.156
Publication date: 18th July 2019
Halide perovskites continue to impress with the remarkable semiconducting characteristics and the breadth of their potential applications. Celebrating a decade from the original implementation of CH3NH3PbI3 in solar cells, halide perovskites can now consistently produce competitive power-conversion-efficiencies (PCE > 20%) presenting a strong candidacy for real-life technological applications. A class of perovskites that has gained enormous momentum in last five years, however, is that of the two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites. Originally thought of as a mere curiosity among its congeners, the key feature of increasing the perovskite stability promoted 2D perovskites as popular materials among the perovskite photovoltaics community. The added benefit of controlling the perovskite growth orientation on the films, thus partially compensating the loss of one “semiconducting dimension”, made them even more attractive for consideration in devices. Yet, it is precisely that “missing dimension” that makes 2D perovskites remarkable, since they provide a direct macroscopic avenue to study the properties of the quantum regime.
Akin to their 3D analogues, 2D perovskites possess a direct band gap electronic structure, while providing access to a much wider selection of organic cations- plain or bearing functional groups- able to intercalate between the inorganic perovskite sheets. 2D halide perovskites, having a general formula, (RNH3)An-1MnX3n+1, (R- = Aryl or alkyl group); (A+ = Cs, CH3NH3, HC(NH2)2); (M2+ = Ge, Sn, Pb); (X- = Cl, Br, I), provide an enormous chemical toolbox that allows fine-tuning of the optical, electrical and dielectric properties of the materials. Unsurprisingly, the key properties of these low-dimensional semiconductors, which form continuous homologous series, are still dictated by the structural configurations and conformations of the metal-halide layers and can be controlled by employing simple synthetic chemistry. In this presentation, the key structural aspects of the 2D perovskites will be surveyed, illustrating the 2D perovskite formability and structural chemistry and how those can be advantageously exploited to obtain promising materials that can be utilized in optoelectronic applications.
This work was supported in part by the project “NANO-TANDEM” (MIS 5029191), co-financed by Greece and the European Regional Development Fund.
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