Proceedings of nanoGe Fall Meeting 2018 (NFM18)
Publication date: 6th July 2018
Ultrathin 2-dimensional nanomaterials (nanosheets, NSs) are attracting increasing attention due to their unique physical, electronic, and structural properties. Ultrathin colloidal semiconductor NSs with thickness in the strong quantum confinement regime are of particular interest, since they combine the extraordinary properties of 2D nanomaterials with versatility in terms of composition, size, shape, and surface control, and the prospects of solution processability.[1] However, the synthesis of NSs is challenging, and synthesis procedures for materials other than the well-known Pb- and Cd- chalcogenides are still underdeveloped.
Copper indium sulfide (CIS) is a direct semiconductor with a bulk bandgap of 1.5 eV and large absorption coefficients, which yields nanocrystals (NCs) with photoluminescence tunable in the vis−NIR (600−1100 nm) spectral range.[2,3] We have recently developed a method to produce In-poor (Cu:In ratio= 3:1) covellite CIS NSs through self-organization and oriented attachment of 2.5 nm sized chalcopyrite stoichiometric CuInS2 NCs, yielding triangular and hexagonal shaped NSs with a thickness of ~3 nm and lateral dimensions ranging from 20 to 1000 nm.[4] In this work, we present a new approach to ultrathin (thickness: 2 nm) stoichiometric chalcopyrite CIS NSs and study their structural and optical properties. Our method is based on partial cation exchange in either Cu2-xS (Cu+ for In3+ exchange) or In2S3 (In3+ for Cu+ exchange) NSs and yields hexagonal (~120 nm width) or polygonal (sides of 20-200 nm) NSs. Interestingly, the product CIS NSs obtained from the two different template NSs have different optical spectra and different sensitivity towards oxidation and plasmon resonance formation, despite having the same crystal structure and elemental composition (Cu:In= 1:1). These observations suggest that the two different types of CIS NSs have different surface terminations.
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