Challenges and Opportunities of Water Splitting with Multi-Junction Solar Absorbers
Matthias M. May a b
a University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 267, Heidelberg, Germany
b Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Germany, Berlin, Germany
Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of nanoGe Fall Meeting 2018 (NFM18)
S2 Light Driven Water Splitting
Torremolinos, Spain, 2018 October 22nd - 26th
Organizers: Wolfram Jaegermann and Bernhard Kaiser
Invited Speaker, Matthias M. May, presentation 153
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2018.153
Publication date: 6th July 2018

Fossil fuels need to be replaced quickly and on a large scale to render our energy system compatible with current greenhouse gas emission targets. The scale of the transition is enormous and makes efficiency a key factor for its feasibility. The required pace of the transition, on the other hand, renders the modification of materials, that are already established in photovoltaics, for use in solar water splitting devices attractive.

In the case of light-driven water splitting, multi-junction absorbers are essential to provide enough photovoltage and -current for efficiencies beyond 10%. Challenges arising from the distribution of the solar spectrum over multiple sub-cells include appropriate internal band alignment, spectral shaping by (metallic) co-catalysts and the electrolyte as well as the reduction of reflection losses. In this talk, I will discuss current developments in the field of high-efficiency, immersed water splitting systems of currently up to 19% solar-to-hydrogen and outline the route towards efficiencies beyond 20%. Furthermore, I will outline the impact of efficiency on the potential of photoelectrochemical systems as a negative emission technology.

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