Proceedings of September Meeting 2016 (NFM16)
Publication date: 14th June 2016
Generation of hydrogen and oxygen from seawater electrolysis is an attractive process for fuel production since seawater electrolysis has the advantage that it would not compete with other activities demanding fresh water.[1]
Chlorine evolution reaction (ClER) is a competing reaction to oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in seawater electrolysis. OER is thermodynamically favored over ClER. However, the poor kinetics of the OER makes ClER the dominant reaction in many catalytic systems.
NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been reported to catalyze the OER reaction in alkaline electrolytes at low overpotentials comparable with the performance of the most active noble metals catalysts.[2] In our study, its activity and stability for seawater oxidation have been investigated with a rotating disk electrode in chloride containing electrolytes mimicking seawater conditions with basic and near neutral pH.[3] The electrochemical experiments are combined with products analysis in order to estimate the selectivity for oxygen evolution. In particular, ClER and hypochlorite formation are investigated by an in-line quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) and iodometric titration respectively. NiFe LDH shows a high selectivity for OER in alkaline electrolytes (pH 13) containing 0.5 M NaCl, a chloride ions concentration typical of seawater. In 0.3 M borate buffer (pH 9.2) with 0.5 M NaCl the electrochemical experiments show degradation in performance at current densities approaching 10 mA/cm2, despite the high selectivity at lower current densities. This degradation of the anodic current is not observed in pH 13 (0.1 M KOH) in the presence of the same concentration of NaCl. Despite the effect of the other ions present in seawater has not been tested yet, NiFe LDH shows promising results for its application as anode in a seawater electrolyzer operating under alkaline pH.
References:
[1] H.K. Abdel-Aal, K.M. Zohdy, M. Abdel Kareem, Hydrogen Production Using Sea Water Electrolysis, The Open Fuel Cells Journal, 3 (2010) 1-7.
[2] M. Gong, Y.G. Li, H.L. Wang, Y.Y. Liang, J.Z. Wu, J.G. Zhou, J. Wang, T. Regier, F. Wei, H.J. Dai, An Advanced Ni-Fe Layered Double Hydroxide Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation, J Am Chem Soc, 135 (2013) 8452-8455.
[3] F. Dionigi, T. Reier, Z. Pawolek, M. Gliech, P. Strasser, Chemsuschem 9 (2016) 962– 972.
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