Proceedings of September Meeting 2016 (NFM16)
Publication date: 14th June 2016
Black Phosphorus, a van der Waals solid, consists stacked 2D sheet-like structure with a tunable direct bandgap from 0.3 eV for bulk to 1.6 eV for a monolayer. We show that black phosphorus is a highly efficient infrared emitter. To study the carrier dynamics, excess electron-hole pairs were generated in bulk black phosphorus by irradiation with 3 MeV electron pulses. The transient microwave conductivity due to excess charges was measured as a function of time for different initial charge densities at temperatures in the range 203-373 K. A new global analysis scheme, including the treatment of intrinsic carriers is provided, which shows that the recombination dynamics in black phosphorus, a low bandgap semiconductor, is strongly influenced by the presence of intrinsic carriers. The temperature dependence of the charge mobility and charge carrier decay via second-order radiative recombination is obtained from modeling of the experimental data. The combined electron and hole mobility was found to increase with temperature up to 250 K and decrease above that. Auger recombination is negligible for the studied densities of excess electron-hole pairs up to 2.5×1017 cm-3. For this density the major fraction of the excess electrons and holes undergoes radiative recombination. It is further inferred that for excess charge densities of the order of 1018 cm-3 electrons and holes recombine with near unity radiative yield. The latter offers promising prospects for the use of black phosphorus as efficient mid infrared emitter in devices.
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