Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Publication date: 8th June 2015
Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) are good light absorbers and are regularly used as energy donors and acceptors with other NCs, proteins, and small molecules. This interaction and related processes are used to sensitize NCs, enhance LED efficiencies, and increase performance in NC, NC-hybrid, and NC-sensitized solar cells. The desired energy-transfer pathways can be controlled through adjustment of the NC properties such as their composition, environment, and structure. Obtaining NCs with the desired, specific properties often requires time-consuming syntheses. Use of microwave reactors opens the door for new and often faster reaction pathways. Using ionic liquids, microwave absorbing molecules, and lower-boiling solvents are a few methods for designing new NC syntheses. In colloidal nanomaterial synthesis, ligands are most often used to prevent aggregation of clusters into larger NCs and NCs into bulk materials. Chalcogenide and dichalcogenide ligands can also be used as precursors, forming multi-element clusters or particles. Initial work with these methods yielded specialized NC materials with unusual morphologies, compositions, and properties. By employing a different of organochalcogenide ligands, we obtained a series of metal chalcogenide NCs with different lattice structures and crystal shapes. Using NMR, X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis, luminescence and FTIR spectroscopy, the mechanism for ligand decomposition was explored, including the process by which hindered structures are obtained. Cluster shape and particle morphology are found to depend on the organochalcogenide ligand reactivity and the presence and concentration of sacrificial, coordinating ligands. Precise control over cluster and nanocrystal formation allows for access to materials with unusual chemical and physical properties. Future work will optimize these methods, as well as identify and tailor other new reaction pathways.
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