Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Publication date: 8th June 2015
Hybrid inorganic-organic lead halide perovskites have experienced an increasing interest from the solar energy scientific community. Despite the huge evolution in terms of solar efficiency (from less than 4 %[1] to more than 20 %[2] in 5 years), their mechanism is not well understood. Moreover, some challenges have to be solved in order to commercialize environmental friendly and ambient conditions stable materials: (i) the most studied and efficient perovskite, [CH3NH3]PbI3, include the pollutant Pb metal cation in its chemical structure, which should be avoided in the commercial material; (ii) the thermal and moisture degradation of that perovskite forces to look for more expensive sealed and careful fabrication processes; (iii) the halides reactivity and the alkylammonium volatility lead to structural and chemical instability, which should also be overcome. Therefore, it is needed to develop new materials that could solve these problems.
On the other hand, hybrid inorganic-organic perovskites have also attracted a great deal of attention in the last decade due to several functional properties such as magnetic, dielectric, and even multiferroic properties.[3] One of the key aspects that make perovskites so successful is the adaptability of this ABX3 structure type towards A, B or X site substitution, which allows for tailoring of properties to meet particular requirements.
In this work, we have looked for new materials suitable as absorbents for solar cell devices, based in different hybrid inorganic-organic peroskites ABX3, where A can be different alkylammonium cations (methylammonium, dimethylammonium, tetrapropylammonium, etc.), B are transition metal cations (Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+ , Ni2+, etc.) and X are different polyatomic ligands (formate, dicyanamide, pyrazine, etc.). All the studied materials are lead-free and stable under ambient conditions. They have been prepared by different solution processes at room or moderate (T<140ºC) temperature. We have carried out the structural characterization by single and/or powder X-ray diffraction, and we have studied the thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) diffuse reflectance measurement of the obtained materials has been acquired and it has been used to estimate the band gap energies.
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