Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Publication date: 8th June 2015
Colloidal quantum dots have brought about new opportunities for the design and fabrication of competitively-performing optoelectronic devices. However research in this field has been so far focused on materials containing Cd and Pb. Here, we investigated the use of copper indium sulfide (CuInS2) as an alternative nanocrystal material system, having no toxic component and having already demonstrated high conversion efficiencies in the bulk. Colloidal zinc-treated CuInS2 nanocrystals were synthesized thiol-free and were shown to be copper-deficient with long luminescence lifetimes, broad and tunable emission spectra and high exciton binding energies. These, when deposited as films, were found to have their photoluminescence lifetimes decrease with ligand length following a Forster relationship with distance. Indeed, when treated with formic acid, these films became conductive, with modest mobilities, low carrier concentrations and a slow response to illumination. These properties were implied to cause the observed limitation in the thickness of the CuInS2 absorber in heterojunctions with titania. This limitation was overcome by increasing the CuInS2-titania interface through nanostructuring.
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