Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Publication date: 8th June 2015
Nanocrystals have shown promise as the active layer in high-efficiency solar cells because of their solution processability and their high, tunable absorption spectra. However, their potential is limited by the use of toxic elements such as lead, cadmium, and antimony in the most efficient nanocrystal solar cells.(1–3) We will present the synthesis of a nontoxic ternary metal chalcogenide nanocrystal system and their incorporation in solar cells with efficiencies approaching 6%, the highest efficiency to date for any nanocrystal solar cell made from nontoxic and abundant elements, processed at low temperature conditions.
These nanoparticles are stable in solution for months, exhibit high absorption with a tunable bandgap (1.0 – 1.4 eV), and have been incorporated into solar cells with record efficiencies. Unlike many other ternary and quaternary chalcogenides, the presented approach does not require vacuum processing or high-temperature processes like selenization. Instead, the nanocrystal synthesis and its incorporation into solar cells are performed at low temperatures (≤100°C) using solution-processing techniques. Furthermore, because the most efficient solar cells have short-circuit currents of up to 20 mA/cm2 despite their very thin (~40 nm) active layers, this material system has significant potential as ultrathin absorbing layers in other device structures such as sensitized and tandem solar cells.
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