Proceedings of nanoGe September Meeting 2015 (NFM15)
Publication date: 8th June 2015
Quantum dots (QDs) have a great potential in several applications due to their unique and tailorable properties. In the last decades, manifold strategies were developed to prepare QDs consisting of various materials. However, all techniques described in the literature are batch synthesis methods, while continuous processes offer advantages such as high reproducibility, large production rate, and simple automation. Complex multicompound materials such as CuInS2 have attracted interest as non-toxic alternatives to Cd- and Pb-based QDs. Main challenges related to these materials are the potential formation of related binary compounds or compounds with various crystallite phases. Furthermore, the kinetics of their formation is yet unknown, and thus, the search for ideal reaction conditions and the control of product properties is still demanding.
In the present contribution, we describe a continuous route to produce CuInS2 QDs based on flow chemistry and compare this route to the standard batch synthesis of CuInS2 QDs. The flow synthesis is performed utilizing two different continuous setups, a simple self-build tubular reactor and a highly specialized reactor based on microreaction technology (MRT). The effects of reaction conditions and reactor characteristics on the formation and growth kinetics were investigated by analyzing the optical properties, crystal structure and the composition of the products and the yields of the syntheses. The relevance of technical aspects, such as mixing and heat transfer, on the products’ size distribution and performance is discussed. The comparison of three reactor setups and testing of various reaction conditions shed light on the formation of these complex multicomponent nanocrystals. The findings are compared to state of the art nucleation and growth theories. Our experiments reveal the importance of technical aspects for the heat up synthesis of QDs – a topic that has not been in focus of semiconductor nanocrystal synthesis so far, but might lead to a better understanding and eventually to a more controlled design of the properties of non-toxic semiconductor nanocrystals with technical relevance.
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